Rublev’s “Trinity”

On Saturday, one of the Scripture readings from my Sacred Ordinary Days planner was Genesis 18:1-16, the story of Abraham welcoming the three angelic messengers to his tent, and their speaking of the promise of God that nearly-100 year old Sarah would soon bear a child.

The Lord appeared to Abraham[a] by the oaks[b] of Mamre, as he sat at the entrance of his tent in the heat of the day. He looked up and saw three men standing near him. When he saw them, he ran from the tent entrance to meet them, and bowed down to the ground. He said, “My lord, if I find favor with you, do not pass by your servant. Let a little water be brought, and wash your feet, and rest yourselves under the tree. Let me bring a little bread, that you may refresh yourselves, and after that you may pass on—since you have come to your servant.” So they said, “Do as you have said.” And Abraham hastened into the tent to Sarah, and said, “Make ready quickly three measures[c] of choice flour, knead it, and make cakes.” Abraham ran to the herd, and took a calf, tender and good, and gave it to the servant, who hastened to prepare it. Then he took curds and milk and the calf that he had prepared, and set it before them; and he stood by them under the tree while they ate.

They said to him, “Where is your wife Sarah?” And he said, “There, in the tent.” 10 Then one said, “I will surely return to you in due season, and your wife Sarah shall have a son.” And Sarah was listening at the tent entrance behind him. 11 Now Abraham and Sarah were old, advanced in age; it had ceased to be with Sarah after the manner of women. 12 So Sarah laughed to herself, saying, “After I have grown old, and my husband is old, shall I have pleasure?” 13 The Lord said to Abraham, “Why did Sarah laugh, and say, ‘Shall I indeed bear a child, now that I am old?’ 14 Is anything too wonderful for the Lord? At the set time I will return to you, in due season, and Sarah shall have a son.” 15 But Sarah denied, saying, “I did not laugh”; for she was afraid. He said, “Oh yes, you did laugh.”

Then the men set out from there, and they looked toward Sodom; and Abraham went with them to set them on their way.

Genesis 18:1-16, NRSV

This story is featured in the world’s most famous, and most intriguing, sacred icon, Andrei Rublev’s Trinity, also known as The Hospitality of Abraham.

Rublev’s Trinity

Rublev originally painted the icon to depict the story from Genesis 18. However, interpreters and worshippers have long interpreted the image as also depicting the Holy Trinity, as well as an invitation to the Communion Table.

There are entire books written about The Trinity, not to mention countless articles, papers and sermons. For a quick devotional-style primer from the perspective of relational theology, read this piece by Fr. Richard Rohr. He writes,

 If we take the depiction of God in The Trinity seriously, we have to say, “In the beginning was the Relationship.” The gaze between the Three shows the deep respect between them as they all share from a common bowl.

Richard Rohr, “Take Your Place at the Table”, Center for Action and Contemplation

In relational theology, the Holy Trinity is depicted as, first and foremost, a relationship, self-giving and freely receiving, showing that God desires nothing more than non-coerced relationship with each of us. To contemplate Rublev’s Trinity is to contemplate our own place in relationship with God, offered (like the empty seat in the image) without condition or judgment, but simply because we are here.

The Presentation of the Lord

The Presentation of Christ at the Temple in Jerusalem.

Today is the 4th Sunday after Epiphany, and it is the day we remember the Presentation of Christ at the Temple in Jerusalem, in accordance with Jewish law. From the Gospel of Luke, in chapter 2:

22 When the time came for their purification according to the law of Moses, they brought him up to Jerusalem to present him to the Lord 23(as it is written in the law of the Lord, ‘Every firstborn male shall be designated as holy to the Lord’), 24and they offered a sacrifice according to what is stated in the law of the Lord, ‘a pair of turtle-doves or two young pigeons.’

25 Now there was a man in Jerusalem whose name was Simeon; this man was righteous and devout, looking forward to the consolation of Israel, and the Holy Spirit rested on him. 26It had been revealed to him by the Holy Spirit that he would not see death before he had seen the Lord’s Messiah. 27Guided by the Spirit, Simeon came into the temple; and when the parents brought in the child Jesus, to do for him what was customary under the law, 28Simeon took him in his arms and praised God, saying,
29 ‘Master, now you are dismissing your servant in peace,
   according to your word;
30 for my eyes have seen your salvation,
31   which you have prepared in the presence of all peoples,
32 a light for revelation to the Gentiles
   and for glory to your people Israel.’

33 And the child’s father and mother were amazed at what was being said about him. 34Then Simeon blessed them and said to his mother Mary, ‘This child is destined for the falling and the rising of many in Israel, and to be a sign that will be opposed 35so that the inner thoughts of many will be revealed—and a sword will pierce your own soul too.’

36 There was also a prophet, Anna the daughter of Phanuel, of the tribe of Asher. She was of a great age, having lived with her husband for seven years after her marriage, 37then as a widow to the age of eighty-four. She never left the temple but worshipped there with fasting and prayer night and day. 38At that moment she came, and began to praise God and to speak about the child to all who were looking for the redemption of Jerusalem.

39 When they had finished everything required by the law of the Lord, they returned to Galilee, to their own town of Nazareth. 40The child grew and became strong, filled with wisdom; and the favour of God was upon him.

The Episcopal Liturgy commends this prayer today: “Almighty and everliving God, we humbly pray that, as your only-begotten Son was this day presented in the temple, so we may be presented to you with pure and clean hearts by Jesus Christ our Lord; who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and for ever. Amen.”